GYMNOSPERM `FLOWERS´ - Pinus pinea
The gymnosperm Pinus pinea (stone pine) is a typical Mediterranean pine widely spread in the south of Spain and other Mediterranean countries. It's used for pine nuts and timber production. Its broad and rounded shape crown is highly distinctive.
Gymnosperm 'flowers' are called cones and are unisexual. Male and female cones are very different. Female cones are large and have scales that are arranged in a spiral shape. They are green and their scales are closed. Once fertilised female cones turn brown and woody. Their scales open to release the seeds (pine kernels) that form inside.
Male cones are smaller. They are soft and orange in colour. They are found at the end of branches so that pollen can easily be blown away by the wind. Each male cone contains millions of grains of pollen.
